Rekonstruksi Konsep Manusia dalam Perspektif Islam: Implikasi terhadap Penguatan Martabat Bangsa Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to reconstruct the concept of humanity from an Islamic perspective and examine its implications for strengthening the dignity of the Indonesian nation amid the moral, social, and ecological crises afflicting modern society. This study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach through analysis of primary sources such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and the works of classical and contemporary Islamic thinkers, including Al-Ghazali, Ismail Raji al-Faruqi, and Fazlur Rahman, which are compared with the thoughts of Western philosophers such as Aristotle, Descartes, Kant, Heidegger, and Foucault. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis and descriptive-analytical analysis to find a synthesis between theological and philosophical views on the nature, purpose, and responsibilities of humans. The results of the study show that humans in the Islamic perspective have two main dimensions, namely as 'abdullah (servants of Allah) and khalifah fi al-ardh (representatives of God on earth), which emphasise a balance between vertical and horizontal responsibilities. Awareness of these two dimensions forms the basis for the formation of Indonesian people who are righteous as individuals and reformers in society, as well as the foundation for the development of a just, ethical, and sustainable national civilisation. Thus, strengthening the dignity of the Indonesian nation can only be achieved through the reconstruction of human consciousness rooted in the values of divinity, universal humanity, and Pancasila nationalism.